1.Icyuma Cyinshi Cyuzuye Aluminium
Mugihe cyamateka, kuvumbura ibyuma byabitswe ni intambwe yingenzi mu mpinduramatwara yibikorwa byose byububiko. Ifuro ry'icyuma ni ibikoresho bigizwe n'ibyuma bifite umubare munini wa pore zuzuyemo imyuka ikurikiranye. Imyobo yibi byuma irashobora kuba muburyo bwo guhuza cyangwa kashe ya hermetic, izwi nka gufungura-gufunga no gufunga ingirabuzimafatizo. Muri bo,aluminiumkuri ubu ni icyuma gifuro gifite amahirwe menshi yo gukoreshwa, kandi kizwi nka "icyuma cyinyenyeri" bitewe nuruhererekane rwibintu byiza cyane, nka porosity nyinshi, ubucucike buke, uburemere bworoshye, imbaraga nyinshi, kwikuramo neza, kwinjiza neza, amajwi meza yo kwinjiza, hamwe no gukingira amashanyarazi. "Inyenyeri yicyuma", ikoreshwa cyane mubuhanga bwo mu kirere, gukora nubundi buryo bwo gutunganya mubijyanye na siyansi yumubiri.

Ibiranga imiterere ya aluminiyumu: (a) Gufungura-selile ya aluminiyumu; (b) Ifunga-selile ya aluminiyumu ifuro

2. Ibyiza nibisabwa byaAluminium
Ifuro ya aluminiyumu ni icyuma gifite umubyimba mwinshi kandi wubatswe, aho imyenge ifunze ifite hafi bitatu bya kane by'ubunini bw'ibyuma, bigatuma ibintu byoroha cyane. Usibye iyi miterere, impumu ya aluminiyumu ifite imbaraga zo kwinjiza ingufu hamwe no kwikuramo cyane. Ku bijyanye n'ubucucike, abashakashatsi basanze ibyitegererezo byinshi bya aluminiyumu bifite ubucucike bwa 0.4-1.2 g-cm-3. Byongeye kandi, impumu ya aluminiyumu ikurura amajwi, irashobora gukoreshwa kandi ifite ubushyuhe buke.

Kunoza ingaruka-irwanya bilge igice cyigice: 1 - uruhu rwo hejuru; 2 -aluminiumtrus; 3 - uruhu rwo hasi

Kubijyanye na porogaramu, gukingira electromagnetic gukingira, ibintu byoroheje kandi bikurura ibintu bya aluminiyumu bituma iba umukandida mwiza wibikoresho bikoreshwa mubikoresho bigenzurwa, ibinyabiziga, icyogajuru n’inganda zubaka bitewe nubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya ibidukikije bikabije. Mubikoresho bigenzurwa na fonction, selile ya aluminiyumu ifunze nibikoresho byiza birinda amashanyarazi. Bitewe no guhuza skeleton ya aluminiyumu, ifite ubuso bunini bwihariye nubushobozi bwiza bwo gukurura no kwerekana imiraba ya electromagnetique, ubwoko butandukanye bwigihombo, nko gutakaza igihombo no gutakaza ibitekerezo, biboneka muri fumu ya aluminium, itanga U impumu ya aluminiyumu nziza ya electromagnetic ikingira ibintu. Kandi byagaragaye kandi ko imbaraga za electromagnetic yo gukingira ingirakamaro ya aluminiyumu igenda igabanuka hanyuma ikiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwumurongo wa electromagnetic. Mu nganda zo mu kirere, impumu ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa nk'ibigize mu gukora imiyoboro yo mu kirere cyangwa turbine, ibyo bikaba ari ingirakamaro cyane mu kugabanya uburemere rusange bw'ibigize indege kubera ubwinshi buke bwa aluminiyumu. Byongeye kandi, nkibikoresho byiza bikurura ingufu, impumu ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mugukora ibyogajuru byogajuru, imashini zinyeganyega ndetse no munsi y’ibyogajuru bigaruka capsules, bifasha kugwa neza kandi bikarinda ibyogajuru nibikoresho byo mu kirere. Mugukoresha neza ingufu no kunyeganyega, impumu ya aluminiyumu irashobora kurinda umutekano w’ibyogajuru mugihe habaye icyogajuru kigwa.
Mu nganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, impumu ya aluminiyumu ifasha kugabanya umubare wibice bikoreshwa murwego, bigatuma gahunda yo guterana ikora neza, amaherezo ifasha kugabanya ibiciro no kunoza imikorere. Kugeza ubu, impumu ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mu tubari twaguye, abanyamuryango bambukiranya imbaho ​​n’imiryango mu miterere yimodoka ku isoko.

(a) Igishushanyo cyibice bikurura ingufu byimikorere yumubiri. (b) Igishushanyo mbonera cya aluminiumifuroimpanuka.

Mu nganda zubaka, imikoreshereze nyamukuru yaaluminiumni nkinzitizi ikingira, irinda umuriro urusaku rukabije. Ingero zisanzwe zububiko bwububiko bwa selile ya aluminiyumu ifunze ni sitasiyo ya Underground ya London hamwe na SOHO Revival Square i Shanghai, aho abashushanyaga bakoresheje ifuro ryinshi rya aluminiyumu kugirango binjire mu majwi.

(a) (b) Amafoto ya aluminiyumu yakoreshejwe imbere muri SOHO Plaza, Shanghai; .

3. Umwanzuro
Ivumburwa rya aluminiyumu ifatwa nkigikorwa kidasanzwe.Aluminium ifuroibikoresho bihuza ibikoresho byiza byo gukingira amashanyarazi, uburemere bworoshye, ubucucike buke, kunyeganyega no kugabanuka kwingufu, ibyo bigatuma ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye muri iki gihe. Igishimishije, ifuro ya aluminiyumu nayo nigicuruzwa cyangiza ibidukikije gishobora gutunganywa, bivuze ko ari ibikoresho birambye bizera ko bizakoreshwa mubikorwa byinshi byinganda mugihe kizaza.